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Chaturashiti Sama Dasha System in Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra (BPHS)
1. Significance of Chaturashiti Sama Dasha
Chaturashiti Sama Dasha is a Nakshatra-based planetary time-division system spanning 84 years. It is one of the conditional Dasha systems described in Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra (BPHS) and is applied under specific astrological conditions. This system provides an alternative predictive framework when other Dashas may not be as effective.
Applicability Conditions:
As per BPHS, Chaturashiti Sama Dasha is applicable when the Lagna (Ascendant) is in a sign owned by Saturn (Capricorn or Aquarius). If this condition is met, Chaturashiti Sama Dasha can be used instead of other Nakshatra-based Dashas.
2. Planetary Periods (Mahadashas) and Their Duration
The Chaturashiti Sama Dasha system assigns different time spans to planetary periods as follows:
- Sun (Surya) – 10 years
- Moon (Chandra) – 10 years
- Mars (Mangal) – 10 years
- Mercury (Budha) – 10 years
- Jupiter (Guru) – 10 years
- Venus (Shukra) – 10 years
- Saturn (Shani) – 12 years
- Rahu – 6 years
- Ketu – 6 years
The total duration of the Chaturashiti Sama Dasha cycle is 84 years, making it shorter than Vimshottari (120 years), Ashtottari (108 years), Shodashottari (116 years), Dvadashottari (112 years), Panchottari (105 years), and Shatabdika (100 years) Dashas.
3. Conditions for Chaturashiti Sama Dasha Calculation
Chaturashiti Sama Dasha is calculated based on the Moon’s position in a Nakshatra at birth. The system follows these steps:
- Identify the Nakshatra where the Moon is placed in the birth chart.
- Determine the ruling planet of that Nakshatra according to the Chaturashiti Sama sequence.
- Calculate the balance of the first Dasha based on the remaining degrees of the Moon in that Nakshatra.
Formula for Balance of First Dasha:
Balance of Dasha=(Remaining degrees in Nakshatra13°20′)×Total Dasha years of ruling planet\text{Balance of Dasha} = \left(\frac{\text{Remaining degrees in Nakshatra}}{13°20′} \right) \times \text{Total Dasha years of ruling planet}
4. Application of Chaturashiti Sama Dasha
Chaturashiti Sama Dasha is used for predicting significant life events, especially in charts where Capricorn or Aquarius is the Ascendant. Like other Nakshatra-based Dashas, this system is divided into multiple levels:
A. Dasha Levels (Sub-divisions)
- Mahadasha (Main period) – The longest planetary period affecting life events.
- Antardasha (Sub-period or Bhukti) – The secondary ruling planet within a Mahadasha.
- Pratyantar Dasha – A further breakdown of Antardasha.
- Sookshma Dasha – A finer division within Pratyantar Dasha.
- Prana Dasha – The smallest unit for precise event timing.
B. Interpretation and Event Timing
- Planetary Strength and Placement: The effects of a planet’s Dasha depend on its house placement, dignity (exaltation or debilitation), and aspects.
- House Ownership: The houses ruled by the Dasha lord determine the areas of life activated during that period.
- Nakshatra Influence: The Nakshatra of the Dasha lord gives additional insights into the nature of results.
- Transit Correlation: Events predicted through Chaturashiti Sama Dasha should be confirmed by planetary transits.
C. Role of Chaturashiti Sama Dasha in Different Life Areas
- Career & Profession: The Dasha of the 10th house lord or planets placed in the 10th house can bring career advancements.
- Marriage & Relationships: The Dashas of the 7th house lord, Venus (for men), and Jupiter (for women) influence marriage timing.
- Wealth & Finances: The Dashas of the 2nd and 11th house lords indicate financial growth periods.
- Health & Longevity: Malefic Dashas of the 6th, 8th, and 12th house lords may bring health challenges.
5. Special Considerations in Chaturashiti Sama Dasha
A. Role of Saturn in Chaturashiti Sama Dasha
Since this Dasha system applies when Capricorn or Aquarius is the Ascendant, Saturn plays a crucial role in determining its effectiveness.
- If Saturn is strong, well-placed, or forming Raj Yoga, the Dasha periods tend to be beneficial.
- If Saturn is afflicted, weak, or in an inimical sign, difficulties may arise in its periods.
B. Role of Yogas
If a planet forming Raj Yoga, Dhana Yoga, or Vipreet Raj Yoga runs its Dasha, significant success and transformation can be seen.
C. Benefic vs. Malefic Dasha Lords
- Natural Benefics (Jupiter, Venus, Mercury, Moon) generally bring positive results if well-placed.
- Natural Malefics (Sun, Mars, Saturn, Rahu, Ketu) may bring challenges, especially if afflicted or ill-placed.
D. Transition Between Mahadashas
The transition from one Mahadasha to another often brings noticeable changes in life. If the next planet is vastly different in nature from the previous one, the shift can be turbulent.
Conclusion
The Chaturashiti Sama Dasha system, as described in Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra, is a specialized Nakshatra-based predictive tool applicable when Capricorn or Aquarius is the Ascendant. Its unique planetary sequence and total duration of 84 years make it distinct from other Dasha systems. By analyzing planetary strengths, house ownerships, and transits, astrologers can effectively use Chaturashiti Sama Dasha for precise life predictions.
